Abstract General Information

Title

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS AND MENTAL DISORDERS IN ENURESIS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introduction and objective

It is estimated that 20 to 30% of children with enuresis have some neurodevelopmental disorder. Characteristics such as impulsivity, low memory, inattention and restlessness are more commonly found in children with enuresis than in the general population, a fact that can affect school performance, social interaction, sleep, quality of life and self-esteem of these children. However, this subject is still little explored in the literature and lacks clarity for professionals, so the objective of this study was to identify the main evidence on neurodevelopmental disorders and mental disorders present in enuresis.

Method

This systematic review followed the recommendations of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The identification of studies was based on the PECOS strategy, in the electronic databases Medline/PubMed, Bireme/LILACS and Embase, from November 2021 to January 2023. Case-control, cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical, longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, published in English in the last 10 years, which aimed to investigate neurodevelopmental disorders and mental disorders in children with enuresis according to the criteria of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS). Conference proceedings, dissertations, theses, editorials, literature reviews, articles with the adult population and pilot studies were excluded. The selection of studies and data extraction were carried out by 2 researchers.

Results

A total of 348 studies were identified and, after reading and analyzing their eligibility using the Downs and Black scale, 13 articles were selected for the review. In the sample, 17,346 children were studied, with and without enuresis, of the total number of children with enuresis, 55.9% were male. The main neurodevelopmental disorders and mental disorders found in enuresis found in this review were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety, depression, social exclusion, low self-esteem and changes in quality of life.

Conclusion

In the present study, the main neurodevelopmental disorders and mental disorders present in enuresis were identified, based on evidence.